Submission i techniki.

Submission Wrestling (SW)

What is submission wrestling?
The following explanation does not cover all of the aspects of submission wrestling by far, but it should give a basic understanding of what submission wrestling is.

SW includes...
Submission wrestling or submission grappling, judo, and some styles of jujitsu, most notably Brazilian, are sports/martial arts which are basically wrestling, with the addition of submission holds (chokes, armbars or arm locks, leg locks, etc.). A contest is won by forcing the opponent to surrender by the application of one of these moves. Some jujitsu and judo events can also be won by scoring "points" by throws and other techniques. Since the advent of the "Ultimate Fighting Championships" and other similar events over the past several years on pay per view cable, the popularity of this sport has massively increased. This is due in part to the success of fighters in these events with high levels of submission grappling skills. This sport is NOT related to professional wrestling in any fashion.

The goal of submission
The goal of submission wrestling / submission grappling (and judo and jujitsu to a certain extent) is to cause your opponent to give up or "tap out". The tap out signal, where your opponents taps his hand or foot on the mat (or on you), is the signal that he concedes the match. In the version of submission wrestling covered on "The Practical Grappler Comprehensive Ground Submission Program" tape series, striking is not considered. This is the primary difference between what we call submission wrestling and "no holds barred (NHB)" events such as the "Ultimate Fighting Championship" , or "Extreme Fighting".

Techniques from martial-arts
Submission wrestling incorporates techniques from martial arts such as Brazilian Jiu-jitsu, Jujitsu, Sambo, Shoot fighting, Pancrase, No holds barred fighting (NHB), Judo, and sports such as Free style wrestling, and Greco Roman wrestling just to name a few.....
Purpose of training
You might be wondering what is the purpose of training in such a style. We do submission wrestling to improve ourselves as persons through physical conditioning, mental development, and emotional control, and secondarily for self defense purposes. It's fun too! Further, the fundamental techniques of submission wrestling are very similar or identical in some cases, to some of the techniques used for self defense, and some techniques used in NHB type events. Thus submission wrestling can also serve as an excellent foundation for a system of self defense, or as a part of the training regimen for NHB. We do not oppose or advocate NHB for professional athletes, but merely make this observation.
The syllabus of the practical grappler submission wrestling program was built on the ideas of "efficiency" and "keep what works, remove what does not". Having efficiency in your technique simply means that you achieve your goal with the least amount of effort, energy and strength. Efficient moves are simple. They are quickly learned and can be applied in a very short time span. That is not to say that there are not some very good moves that are more complex, but simply that the quicker you can apply a move (and moves with fewer steps can be applied more quickly) the greater the likelihood of success. Further, efficient moves require less strength. Thus it is more likely that an efficient move will succeed against a larger and stronger opponent. The idea of "Keep what works, remove what does not" is simply being open minded to all styles of martial arts and sports. Good efficient techniques can come from anywhere. The most common mistake made by martial artists, including jujitsu practitioners, is to start to believe that they know it all, and that their particular system is superior to all others. This mentality can cause the system to stagnate, since it is no longer open to modification from within or from what are considered to be "inferior" styles. We have attempted in this program to incorporate any technique that we found to be efficient and useful.

To get your opponent to submit.
The primary goal in "sport" or "training" submission wrestling play is to get your opponent to submit. This can be done with a number of techniques including arm bars, shoulder manipulations, ankle locks, heel hooks, knee bars, chokes, neck cranks (very dangerous, should not be practiced), and even pins. The following will not describe all of the possible submissions, for example wrist locks (yes there are a few that work on the mat, although you will have little luck with most standing wrist locks against a skilled opponent), finger manipulations, hip cranks, elbow or knee pinches, and so on will not be described.
One important thing to note before describing these techniques, you should always have control of your opponents body before applying the technique, such that you can perform it slowly, giving him plenty of opportunity to submit. If your training partner is too stupid to submit, you should never continue to apply force to the point of injury.

Techniques
Arm bars are techniques where the arm is forced into a position of hyperextension. If your opponent does not submit when in an armbar, damage will be done to the elbow joint, which could include cartilage damage, ligament or tendon damage, or broken bones.
Shoulder manipulations are techniques where the arm is forced into such a position so that the shoulder joint is affected. Having your arm twisted behind your back is an example of such a technique. If your opponent does not submit when in an shoulder manipulation, damage will be done to the shoulder joint, which could include cartilage damage, ligament or tendon damage, or damage to the rotator cuff.
Ankle locks come in two basic varieties, those that cause submission due to pain from Achilles tendon pressure, and those that hyperextend or twist the ankle joint such that damage in the ankle occurs. Again damage can include ligaments, tendons, and bones.
Heel hooks are techniques where a twisting force is applied to the heel, with the top portion of the foot immobilized, usually in the armpit. This puts stress primarily on the knee ligaments. These techniques are VERY dangerous, as injury occurs very quickly. after the first sensation of pain.
Knee bars are identical to arm bars, except the knee joint is forced to hyperextend.
Chokes are applied to the neck, and cut off blood flow to the brain and/or the breathing. If your opponent fails to tap, the choke will result in unconsciousness. Chokes applied directly to the front of the neck should be avoided, as damage to the trachea can occur. This could possibly even lead to death. As cognitive impairment has been cited as a possible result of frequent choking in Judo [Owens GR et al, J Sport Med Phys Fit, 1991], chokes should be applied with care, and those being choked should not try to "fight off" the choke for long periods of time, but rather should tap out.
It is possible to cause your opponent to submit with only a good pin. By putting large amounts of pressure on your opponent's chest can make it difficult for him to breathe, and can often result in a submission.
In conclusion, submission wrestling is a great way to stay in shape, and it is a lot of fun when practiced in an environment that emphasizes safety and personal growth.

Rules of the Game
Ways to Win
Submission: -When your opponent signals his desire to no longer continue, either verbally or by tapping 3 times on the mat, his own body or your body.
Points: - are awarded by the referee during the match.
Referee Stoppage: - When the safety of a competitor is in question, the referee may stop the match and award a victory.
Disqualification: - if a competitor intentionally breaks the rules after one warning the referee has the right to stop the match and disqualify the offender.

Scoring
Takedowns
3pts - ground and ends up being pinned in a control position
2pts - for any clean controlled takedown where the opponent ends up being pinned in a control position
1pt - will be awarded to a competitor who initiates a take down, when both fighters end up in a guard (does not include jumping to guard)
Control Positions
Mount 4pts will be awarded when a competitor is on top of his opponent straddling him with both knees and feet on the mat and controls this position for a minimum of 3 seconds.
Taking the Back: 4pts will be awarded when a competitor has control of his opponent from behind with both legs hooked in around his opponents waist and holds for a minimum of 3 seconds.
Hold Down 2pts ; will be awarded when a competitor moves from a neutral position to pinning his opponent with a recognised hold down ie. side mount , scarf hold, top control (Kessa gatame, Kami shiho gatame etc) and holds for at least 3 seconds.
Escape: 1pt will be awarded to a competitor who moves from being pinned with a legitimate hold down to a neutral position (ie rolls his opponent off the mount to end up in his guard or moves from being pinned from the side to end up on his knees)
Reversal: 3pts- will be awarded to a competitor who moves from being pinned to a position where he is pinning his opponent and holds this position for 3 seconds
Neutral Positions
Standing: Both competitors on their feet disengaged.
Pummel Position: - Both competitors on their feet in a clinch.
Kneeling: -Fighters on their knees, either facing each other or one fighter turtled with the other riding with no hooks in.
Guard: - One fighter on his back with his legs wrapped around or between his opponent who is facing him.

Time Limits
Qualifying Rounds: - 5 minutes
Finals: - 7 minutes
Over Time: - Sudden Death. In the event of a draw at the end of the time limit both competitors will start in the pummel position and the first to score will be awarded the victory.

Legal Techniques
Chokes: - All chokes from the side, front, and back. With the exception of digital pressure on, or squeezing the wind pipe.
Joint Locks: - Any type of lock on the wrist, arm, shoulder, foot, ankle or knee.

Illegal Techniques
Striking.
Biting.
Attacks on the eyes.
Fish hooks.
Attacks on the groin.
No oil or lubricant can be applied to a wrestler
Any throw that may endanger the neck or spine
Neck or spine locks or cranks
Hands, elbows or knees on the face
Pulling hair.
Finger or toe holds/locks.
Digital pressure, scratching or pinching.
Moving out of bounds intentionally
Stalling

Equipment
Competitors can wear any form of uniform in a Submission Wrestling match minimum requirements are shorts. Groin protection and mouthguard are optional. No wrestling shoes are allowed.

Bout Protocol
Fighters will be called to the mat area.
The centre referee will call both fighters to shake hands.
He will then call for the start of the bout.
The referee can stop the fight if he feels a competitor will be thrown off the matted area. The fighters will be restarted in the centre of the mat in the pummel position.
When fighters move off the mat while ground fighting the referee will stop the action, fighters are to hold their position and the referee will drag them towards the centre of the mat check that they are in their original position and then restart the action.
During the match the referee will signal the spectators and the scorekeeper when one competitor has successfully scored points by touching that competitor with one hand while holding up his other showing the amount scored with his fingers.
At the end of the match the referee will signal the winner.
In the event of both fighters having equal scores at the end of the regulation time, the referee will set both competitors in the pummel position in the centre of the mat, he will call a restart and the first to score will be deemed victorious.

Divisions
All matches are single elimination. Competitors may only fight in their Weight Class and/or the Absolute Division in individual competition. Competitors may fight up in weight in the teams competition.

Mens
Under 70 kgs
Under 80 kgs
Under 90 kgs
Under 100 kgs
Under 110 kgs
Over 110 kgs
Absolute

Womens
Under 60 kgs
Under 70 kgs
Over 70 kgs

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